Introduction and Advantages and Disadvantages Analysis of Solid State Hard Disk and Mechanical Hard Disk

What is a solid-state drive< Br/>


Solid State Disk or Solid State Drive (SSD), commonly known as a solid-state drive< Br/>


Solid state hard drives are hard drives made from solid-state electronic storage chip arrays< Br/>


It is named after the term 'Solid' in Taiwanese English for solid capacitors. SSD consists of a control unit and a storage unit (FLASH chip, DRAM chip)< Br/>


Solid state hard drives are identical to ordinary hard drives in terms of interface specifications, definitions, functions, and usage methods, and in terms of product appearance and dimensions, they are basically the same as ordinary hard drives (emerging solid-state hard drives in the forms of U2, M.2, etc. have completely different dimensions and appearances from SATA mechanical hard drives).
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It is widely used in military, vehicle, industrial control, video surveillance, network monitoring, network terminals, power, medical, aviation, navigation equipment and many other fields< Br/>


The working temperature range of chips is large, with commercial products (0-70 ℃) and industrial products (-40-85 ℃). Although the cost is high, it is being popularized in the DIY market< Br/>


Due to the differences in technology between solid-state drives and traditional hard drives, many emerging memory manufacturers have emerged. Manufacturers only need to purchase NAND particles, equip them with appropriate control chips, and write the main controller code to manufacture solid-state drives< Br/>


The new generation of solid-state drives generally adopts SATA-2 interface, SATA-3 interface, SAS interface, MSATA interface, PCI-E interface, M.2 interface, CFast interface, SFF-8639 interface, and NVME/AHCI protocol< Br/>


What is a mechanical hard drive< Br/>


Mechanical hard disk is a traditional ordinary hard disk, mainly composed of several parts: disk, magnetic head, disk spindle and control motor, magnetic head controller, data converter, interface, cache, etc< Br/>


The magnetic head can move along the radius direction of the disk, and with the high-speed rotation of the disk at several thousand revolutions per minute, the magnetic head can be positioned at the designated position of the disk for data reading and writing operations. Information is written to a magnetic disk through a magnetic head located very close to the magnetic surface, and the polarity is changed by electromagnetic current. The information can be read in the opposite way. As a precision device, hard drives are the enemy of dust, so the air entering the hard drive must be filtered< Br/>


All the disks in a mechanical hard disk are mounted on a rotating axis, and each disk is parallel. There is a magnetic head on the storage surface of each disk, and the distance between the magnetic head and the disk is only 0.1μ M~0.5μ m. The higher level has reached 0.005μ M~0.01μ m. All magnetic heads are connected to a magnetic head controller, which is responsible for the movement of each magnetic head< Br/>


Comparison of advantages and disadvantages between mechanical hard drives and solid-state hard drives



1. Shock resistance and drop resistance: Mechanical hard drives are all disk type, and data is stored in the disk sector. And solid-state drives are made using flash memory particles (such as memory, MP3, USB drives, and other storage media), so there are no mechanical components inside SSD solid-state drives. This way, even when moving at high speeds or accompanied by flipping and tilting, it will not affect normal use, and can minimize the possibility of data loss in the event of collisions and vibrations. Compared to mechanical hard drives, solid hard drives have an absolute advantage< Br/>


2. Data storage speed: The speed of mechanical hard drives is about 120MB/S, the speed of SATA protocol solid-state drives is about 500MB/S, the speed of NVMe protocol (PCIe 3.0× 2) solid-state drives is about 1800MB/S, and the speed of NVMe protocol (PCIe 3.0× 4) solid-state drives is about 3500MB/S< Br/>


3. Power consumption: Solid state drives also have lower power consumption than mechanical drives< Br/>


4. Weight: Solid state drives are lighter in weight, with a weight reduction of 20-30 grams compared to conventional 1.8-inch drives< Br/>


5. Noise: Due to the lack of mechanical components and flash memory chips, solid hardware has the characteristics of low heat generation and fast heat dissipation, and there is no mechanical motor or fan< Br/>


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